Text
Recirculating aquaculture
Aquaculture has a long history with its origins dating back to at least
475 BC in China (Milne, 1973). Trout culture started in Germany in 1741
(Leitritz and Lewis, 1980) but it wasn't until the 1880's that trout culture
came to the U.S. This was the first U.S. aquaculture effort. However,
aquaculture was not of much importance until the late 1940s when it was
discovered that aquaculture methods could be used to raise fish for planting
in natural waters as a means to supplement natural spawning. At this time
the U.S. fish and Wildlife Service began growing trout (Oncorhynchus
mykiss), bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus), largemouth bass (Micropterus
salmoides), and other species for planting. From its U. S. initiation in the
1880s the U.S. the trout industry grew slowly until the late 1940s or early
1950s when it began to expand more rapidly. In the 1960s the U.S. catfish
(Ictalurus punctatus) industry got its start and began to grow rapidly.
Although the catfish industry had its ups and downs over the years, it is an
excellent success story. The catfish industry started from essentially no
commercial production in 1960 to over 600 million pounds of production in
2000. With the rise of the trout and catfish industries in the U.S. there has
been experimentation and now commercial production of many other
species of fish including but not limited to striped bass (Morone saxatilis),
salmon (several species), yellow perch (Percaflavescens), tilapia (several
species), blue gill, small mouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu), several
species of bait fish, goldfish (Carassius aura/us), koi, red fish, sturgeon
(several species), a wide variety of tropical fish, and a variety of other fish
species. Tremendous progress has been made in fish culture in development
of production systems, nutrition, genetics, engineering, disease control,
physiology, basic understanding of fish biology and other areas. However,
much remains to be done in all of these areas.
Tidak tersedia versi lain