Text
Pond aquaculture water quality management
The efficient and profitable production of fish, crustaceans, and other aquatic
organisms in aquaculture depends on a suitable environment in which they can
reproduce and grow. Because those organisms live in water, the major environ-
mental concern within the culture system is water quality. Water supplies for
aquaculture systems may naturally be oflow quality or polluted by human activity,
but in most instances, the primary reason for water quality impairment is the
culture activity itself. Manures, fertilizers, and feeds applied to ponds to enhance
production only can be partially converted to animal biomass. Thus, at moderate
and high production levels, the inputs of nutrients and organic matter to culture
units may exceed the assimilative capacity of the ecosystems. The result is
deteriorating water quality which stresses the culture species, and stress leads to
poor growth, greater incidence of disease, increased mortality, and low produc-
tion. Effluents from aquaculture systems can cause pollution of receiving waters,
and pollution entering ponds in source water or chemicals added to ponds for
management purposes can contaminate aquacultural products. Thus, water quality
in aquaculture extends into the arenas of environmental protection and food
quality and safety.
Tidak tersedia versi lain